Notes: Large whistler w. heavy hooked dark bill. Male has
chestnut & black collar. Female grey-
brown above, off-white to pale buff below w. fine dark streaking.
Ssp fretorum male narrower
chestnut collar & breastband, broader black breastband; carnarvoni male uppertail-coverts grey,
female upperparts lighter, underparts more buffy than nominate lanioides. Sedentary. Dwells in
dense mangroves, usually on sea-ward margins..